
“The genie is out of the bottle,” and it’s time we embrace AI to ensure education isn’t just accessible to all, but truly transformative for each individual learner.
What does a 2 Sigma Improvement Mean
Traditional classroom methods place most students at the starting line together, pacing them uniformly regardless of individual readiness. Which means someone who scored a “C” and one who scored a “A” grade all move up to the next grade. The gaps in knowledge are impossible to make up. That is why personalized one-on-one tutoring with the use of GenAI, is like providing each student with custom-tailored running shoes and personal coaching, enabling them to sprint comfortably and effectively, elevating their performance dramatically—from the middle of the pack (50th percentile) to championship contender (96th percentile).
If a grade of C falls around the average (mean), a two sigma improvement means the grade shifts two standard deviations above the mean. Typically, this corresponds to an “A” grade or a top-tier performance.

Beyond merely being a technological novelty, AI tutoring platforms can also enhance teacher effectiveness, relieving educators of repetitive tasks like grading and lesson planning. Teachers thus gain freedom to offer more personalized, human interactions, enriching the educational ecosystem rather than replacing the human element.
The role of the teacher is to inspire and build confidence while letting the AI tutor build competence of the student. That also means the teachers need to become proficient in using Gen AI in the classroom to create better lesson plans – maybe even create a personalized lesson plans for the overachiever and the underachiever alike.
Critically, Khan addresses the ethical concerns around AI’s integration, advocating for transparency and structured guardrails. For instance, Khan Academy ensures educators and parents can view student-AI interactions, alleviating concerns of misuse and fostering responsible AI usage.
Perhaps most significantly, Khan underscores AI’s role in future-proofing careers. Students adept in AI will not just keep pace; they’ll define the race, harnessing technology to expand their abilities and remain competitive.
What did I not like about the book?
The book seems to be like a long running ad for Khanmigo, Sal Khan’s own version of the personalized tutor that Khan Academy offers. One could also argue that Khanmigo is the proof of the pudding ie Gen AI in education that Sal Khan is talking about.
Bill Gates is an investor in Khan Academy and watch them talk about the use of Ai in education.


